Vocabulary

  Unit Four: South America

Citizenship:  the state of being a citizen of a particular social, political, national, or human resource community.

Climate:  encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over long periods. Climate can be contrasted to weather, which is the present condition of these elements and their variations over shorter periods.

Human rights:  commonly understood as "inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being

Dirty War, The:  a period of state terrorism in Argentina from 1976 until 1983. Victims of the violence included several thousand left-wing activists and militants, including trade unionists, students, journalists, Marxists, and alleged sympathizers. Estimates for the number of people who were killed or "disappeared" range from 9,089 to over 30,000

Economic Development:  refers to the actions of policymakers and communities that work to gain economic growth in a specified area.

Economic Sectors


Primary: Involves the retrieval and production of raw materials, such as corn, coal, wood and iron. (A coal miner and a fisherman would be workers in the primary sector.


Secondary: Involves the transformation of raw or intermediate materials into goods e.g. manufacturing steel into cars, or textiles into clothing. (A builder and a dressmaker would be workers in the secondary sector.)


Tertiary: Involves the supplying of services to consumers and businesses, such as baby-sitting, cinema and banking. (A shopkeeper and an accountant would be workers in the tertiary sector.


Quaternary sector of the economy is a way to describe a knowledge-based part of the economy which typically includes services such as information generation and sharing, information technology, consultation, education, research and development, financial planning, and other knowledge-based services

Environmental Adaptation: when people make a change to adapt to the environment. 

Environmental Modification:  when the environment is changed to meet the needs of people.

Protesting action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause; it normally consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, to hear speakers.

Responsibilities:  The actions that a citizen should take or do. 

Rights:  The actions that a citizen is allowed to take or do.